Source: Indian Express

Introduction

The ruling of Supreme Court in M.K. Ranjitsinh v. Union of India (2021) led to ongoing efforts to preserve the Great Indian Bustard (GIB) while simultaneously promoting renewable energy initiatives in the same regions.

Background

• The case of M.K. Ranjitsinh v. Union of India (2021) recognized the critical endangerment of this avian species, the petitioner underscored the detrimental impact of overhead power lines on the GIB population concentrated in the arid regions of Gujarat and Rajasthan.

What is the 2021 Judgment?

• In April 2021, the Supreme Court rendered a landmark judgment mandating the installation of bird diverters on existing overhead power lines and contemplating the conversion of such lines into underground systems for future projects.
• The court held that “In all cases where the overhead powerlines exist as on today in the priority and potential GIB area the respondents shall take steps forthwith to install divertors pending consideration of the conversion of the overhead cables into underground power lines. In all such cases where it is found feasible to convert the overhead cables into underground power lines the same shall be undertaken and completed within a period of one year and till such time the divertors shall be hung from the existing powerlines”.

What are the Challenges and Complications After 2021 Judgment?

• However, the practical implementation of the 2021 ruling encountered hurdles, particularly concerning the burgeoning renewable energy sector in the Thar and Kutch regions.
• The clash between conservation imperatives and economic interests prompted various stakeholders, including renewable energy companies and the Central government, to petition the court for a balanced approach.

What is March 2024 Order?

• In response to the mounting challenges, the Supreme Court convened to address the pressing concerns raised by all parties involved.
• Recognizing the need for a nuanced solution, the court deliberated on the feasibility of implementing underground power lines across vast expanses of GIB habitat.
• This led to the proposal to establish a technical committee under the Ministry of Power to provide recommendations on the matter.

What was the Further Steps Taken After 2024 Order?

• After careful consideration of the divergent viewpoints presented, the Supreme Court has recently established a seven-member committee tasked with delineating conservation measures for the GIB and identifying suitable areas for power line construction within the 'priority' habitat zones.
• This proactive measure aims to foster collaboration among stakeholders and devise pragmatic strategies that reconcile conservation goals with the imperatives of sustainable development.

Conclusion

The formation of the committee marks a significant step forward in addressing the intricate interplay between wildlife conservation and renewable energy expansion. As the committee embarks on its mandate, it holds the key to shaping policies that harmonize environmental protection with socio-economic progress, ensuring a brighter and more sustainable future for both the GIB and scope of renewable energy in India.