Source: Indian Express

Introduction

Former President Ram Nath Kovind-led High-Level Committee proposed simultaneous Lok Sabha and state Assembly elections to President Droupadi Murmu. The 18,626-page report compiled over 191 days since September 2023 advocates synchronizing elections for local bodies within 100 days of national and state polls. To implement this, the committee suggests 15 constitutional amendments across two Bills, aiming to streamline India's electoral process.

What is Composition and Consultation Process?

• Comprising eminent members including Shri Amit Shah, Shri Ghulam Nabi Azad, and legal experts, the committee undertook a rigorous consultation process.
• It engaged with 47 political parties, received over 21,000 responses from citizens, and consulted apex business organizations and economists.
• These consultations formed the basis for the committee's recommendations.

What are Key Recommendations of High-Level Committee on One Nation One Elections?

• Two Step Approach:
  • The committee proposes a two-step approach towards simultaneous elections.
  • Firstly, elections for the Lok Sabha and state Legislative Assemblies would be synchronized.
  • Subsequently, elections for Municipalities and Panchayats would align with the national and state polls.
  • Additionally, the committee advocates for a unified electoral roll and Electoral Photo Identity Cards (EPIC) across all levels of government.
• Constitutional Amendment:
  • To facilitate simultaneous elections, the committee recommended amendments to the Constitution.
  • A new Article 82A, would establish the process for transitioning to simultaneous polls.
  • This includes the appointment of an official date and the simultaneous dissolution of Legislative Assemblies post-general elections.
  • The Election Commission of India (ECI) would oversee the coordination of these elections.
  • The committee's proposed Article 324A for simultaneous elections in Panchayat and Municipalities.
    • And Article 325(2) will establish a Unified Electoral Register for each territorial area, applicable to elections in the House of the People, State Legislature, Municipality, or Panchayat.
• Simultaneous Local Body Elections and Electoral Roll Preparation:
  • In a bid to streamline the electoral process further, the committee proposes amendments requiring state ratification.
  • These amendments aim to create a single electoral roll for all territorial constituencies, encompassing elections at various levels of government.
  • This centralized electoral roll, prepared by the ECI in consultation with State Election Commissions, would replace existing electoral rolls.

Conclusion

The committee asserts that its recommendations align with the spirit of the Constitution and would require minimal amendments. It anticipates that simultaneous elections would enhance transparency, inclusivity, and voter confidence, fostering socio-economic development and strengthening India's democratic fabric.